Abstract In order to assess the genotype by environment interaction (GE) and select genotypes to exploit narrow and broad adaptations, twenty-two spring oilseed rape genotypes were subjected to field surveys at five experimental sites in the 2015-16 and 2016-17 growing seasons. Plant materials were sown in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model was used to determine the genotype, environment, and GE effects. The sum of squares (SS) for the first three interaction principal components was very close to the SS for the GE signal; therefore, AMMI3 was diagnosed as the most accurate model to optimize predictive accuracy. SAN48 had the highest broad adaptability. In total, the chances of increasing yield were 55.80% from broad adaptations, 26.73% from narrow adaptations with 4 mega-environments, and an additional 17.47% from narrow adaptations with 5 mega-environments.

RESUMO O nematoide das galhas, Meloidogyne javanica, é um dos principais agentes causadores de doenças de plantas em cultivos de verão em campos e estufas. A fim de reduzir as preocupações ambientais, os compostos com capacidade pesticida com resíduos insignificantes podem ser uma boa alternativa aos pesticidas químicos inseguros. Este estudo foi realizado para investigar a capacidade nematicida do ozônio sob condições de placa de Petri (in vitro) e em vaso (na rizosfera de mudas de tomateiro cv. Super Chief). Os experimentos foram conduzidos com delineamento inteiramente casualizado em quatro repetições com dois materiais antimicrobianos Cadusafos (0.5, 1.0, 1,5, 2,0, 2,5 e 3,0 g kg-1 solo) e ozônio (0,05, 0,1, 0,2, 0,4, 0,8 e 1,6 g kg-1 solo). Os resultados confirmaram o efeito significativo do controle in vitro do ozônio sobre as populações de ovos (85%, em 0.4 g kg-1 solo) de nematoides e juvenis de segundo estádio (72%, in 0,4 g kg-1 solo). Também foi observado um efeito tóxico do ozônio na patogenicidade do nematóide, isto é, irritação (83%, em 0.4 g kg-1 solo) na raiz do tomateiro em ensaios em vasos. As caracterticas morfolicas das plantas (i.e., peso fresco da raiz, peso fresco da folhagem e comprimento do caule) não foram significativamente afetados pelo ozôno. Portanto, levando em conta os princípios de segurança na aplicação do ozônio, este material pode ser indicado como um nematicida alternativo, pelo menos em condições limitadas e controladas.

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica is a major causal agent of plant diseases on summer crops in fields and greenhouses. In order to reduce environmental concerns, compounds having pesticidal capacity with insignificant residue can be a good alternative to synthetic pesticides. This study was undertaken to investigate the nematicidal capability of ozone under Petri dish (in vitro) and pot (in the rhizosphere of tomato seedlings cv. Super Chief) conditions. The experiments were conducted based on Completely Randomized Design in four replicates with two antimicrobial materials, Cadusafos (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3 g kg-1 soil) and ozone (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 g kg-1 soil). Results confirmed the significant in vitro controlling effect of ozone on nematode egg (85%, in 0.4 g kg-1 soil) and second stage juvenile (72%, in 0.4 g kg-1 soil) populations. Also a toxic effect of ozone was observed on the nematode pathogenicity, i.e. galling (83%, in 0.4 g kg-1 soil), on tomato root in pot assays. Plant morphological traits (i.e. root fresh weight, foliage fresh weight, and stem length) were not significantly affected by ozone. Therefore, taking into account the principles of safety in the application of ozone, this material can be suggested as an alternative nematicide, at least at limited and controlled condition.